"""
Subplot Layouts
===============

This example shows how to create figures with multiple subplots.
Subplots are useful for comparing related visualizations side by side.
"""

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

# %%
# Grid of Subplots
# ----------------
#
# A 2x2 grid showing different mathematical functions.

fig, axes = plt.subplots(2, 2, figsize=(10, 8))

x = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, 100)

# Sine
axes[0, 0].plot(x, np.sin(x), "b-", linewidth=2)
axes[0, 0].set_title("Sine")
axes[0, 0].grid(True, alpha=0.3)

# Cosine
axes[0, 1].plot(x, np.cos(x), "r-", linewidth=2)
axes[0, 1].set_title("Cosine")
axes[0, 1].grid(True, alpha=0.3)

# Tangent (clipped)
y_tan = np.tan(x)
y_tan[np.abs(y_tan) > 5] = np.nan
axes[1, 0].plot(x, y_tan, "g-", linewidth=2)
axes[1, 0].set_title("Tangent")
axes[1, 0].set_ylim(-5, 5)
axes[1, 0].grid(True, alpha=0.3)

# Combined
axes[1, 1].plot(x, np.sin(x), "b-", label="sin", linewidth=2)
axes[1, 1].plot(x, np.cos(x), "r-", label="cos", linewidth=2)
axes[1, 1].set_title("Combined")
axes[1, 1].legend()
axes[1, 1].grid(True, alpha=0.3)

plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()